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The present work intends to reflect about the role of the photographic image as document and window to the discovery of a world still unknown and new, filled of exotic places and people with unique habits. From concepts based on the image theory and photojournalism an analysis will be drawn about photography as a mirror, representing a reality and their processes of reproduction of the real. As a case study and thought a semiotic and symbolic analysis structure, we will study the imagetic representation of the Middle East people in the National Geographic magazine, published in Portugal. Some concepts that pass the Visual Anthropology and Visual Sociology will be used as a theoretical basis for empirical analysis of aesthetic techniques and narrative structures of the language used by the para-verbal images for publication referring to Arab, Muslim and Islamic societies.